Simple Present Tense

Definition

The simple present tense indicates an action in the present time which is not finished. This can be a habitual action (something done regularly such as brushing your teeth every day) or a general truth.

Use of simple present tense

To describe  Habitual Action

Examples :

 - I go to school every day

 - She goes to office at 7 O’clock

 To describe general facts or the truth

Examples :

- The sun sets in the west

- The Word is Around

    To present thoughts, feelings, and other unchanging states (stative aspect)

Examples :

- I think so

- I like  it

To indicate scheduled events in the near future

Example :

I take the train tomorrow at 6:00

 To indicate events at any time in the future in a dependent clause

Example :

I’ll retire when I reach age 65

 To provide narratives such as instructional narratives

Example

Now I mix the ingredients

now I put the pan in the oven

 To give instructions or directions

Example :

You walk  for two hundred meters, then you turn left

Pattern of Simple present Tense

 Nominal

a) Positive form

I/You/We/They + To be (am/are) + Complement

He/She/It + To be (is) + Complement

Examples :

-           I am here every Sunday

-           She is very rich

b) Negative form

I/You/We/They + To be (am/are) + Not+Complement

He/She/It + To be (is) + Not + Complement

Examples :

- I am not a police

- She is not go to school today

c) Interrogative form

To be (am/are) + I/You/We/They + Complement

To be (is) + He/She/It + Complement

Examples :

- Are you hungry?

- Is He teacher?

B. Verbal

a) Positive form

I/You/We/They + Verb 1+ Complement

He/She/It + Verb 1 (s/es) + Complement

Examples :

- We study English at school

- She Watches TV in the evening

b) Negative form

I/You/We/They + do not + Verb 1+ Complement

He/She/It + does not +  Vrb 1 (s/es) + Complement

Examples :

-          They do not (don’t) study English

-           She Does not (doesn’t) speak English well

c) Interrogative form

Do+ I/You/We/They + Verb 1+ Complement

Does+ He/She/It + Vrb 1 (s/es) + Complement

Examples :

- Do you speak English?

-           Does he go to Bali every week?

If the senteces in verbal is a affirmative and the subject is the third person,the verb that use will change like this:

Verb generally add with - s

Example : To cut → to cuts

Verb ending in ch,sh,s and x add with -es

Example : To teach → to teaches

Verb ending in o add with -es

Example :  To go → to goes

  Verb ending in e add with –s

Example :

- To use → to uses

Verbs ending in –y,the third person changes the –y to –ies

                Examples : fly → flies,  cry → cries

               

If there is a vowel before the –y  it just add with s

Examples :       play → plays ,pray → prays

Time Signal

Always                Never                     Here                                   Now and then  

As arule               Regularly               There                                  Occasionally      

Generally             Sometimes             Every day                           On and Off

Normally              Seldom                  Every other day                  Once in a while

Usually                 Nowdays               Every Sunday                    Once in a week

Often                    Steadily                 Every week                        Twice a year

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Appointement

Definition Of Appointement

                Is a kind of expression which is use to conduct promise

Making an appointement

                I’d like to make an appointment with Kristian

              I want to make an appointment to see…..

              I’d like you to come and see

              Can I come and see you?

              I’ll be there

              What about….(thank you)

Accepting An Appointement

       All right, see you there

       No problem, I’m free on….(Thursday)

      Be there on time

       I’ll wait for you

       It’s a deal

Canceling An Appointement

I’m terrible sorry I have to put off my appointment

I’m sorry, I’m very busy

I’m afraid I have to postpone my appointment with….

Changing An Appointement

What about …..(Monday)

Is that ok, if we meet at…..

Well, I must be off now. I’ll talk to you later!

Could we change the schedule of the meeting?

Do you have another time this afternoon

Announcement

Definition Of Announcement

     Announcement is something said, written, or printed to make known what has happened or (more often) what will happen.

Where we can find Announcement

-          Letter

-          Short message

-          E-mail

-          Radio

-          Television

-          News Paper

-          Orally

Kind Of Announcement

-          Writing Announcement

-          Orally Announcement

Example

A)Writing Announcement

COMMITTEE

SCHOOL TRIP TO GOLDEN SANDS BEACH

On 28^th of August, the school will hold a school trip to Golden Sands Beach.

                Departure time :               07:30 a.m.

Programs             :               Morning swimming, games, volley ball; lunch in the sea

                                          view  restaurant.

                                                                Afternoon walk along the beach to the lagoon;

                                                                watch the boat festival.

                Fee                        :               Rp50,000.00

               Contact person  :               Oghy, Nurul, Diesta

                                                                                                                Chair person

 

 

                                                                                                                Ewo Jatmiko

B) Orally Announcement

                Attention please,technical metting for fishing competition will be held tomorrow 9 am at the convention room,Thank you.

INVITATION

Most spore invitation are in the farm of question they often begin with will,would,would you like to,would you care to,etc

Offerins invitation
->Would you like to come to the restaurant this evening?
->Will you join us?
->Would you care to have dinner with us tonight?
->Could you come to a party at my place tomorrow?
->I wander whether you would care to come on a picnic with us next week?

Accepting invitation
->Yes,I’d love very much.
->Thank you.
->Yes,with pleasure.

Reffusing
->If you don’t mind,i’d rather not.
->Thank you,i’m busy,may be next time.
->I have got another appointment.
->I’m sorry.
->I’ve lost to work to do.

EXAMPLE :

Invitation Verbal

Example:

We want to invite you to come to our house

Can you come to my restaurant?

Are you free tonight?

Accepting (menerima)

I like that

That sounds good

Thank you for inviting

Refusing(menolak)

I like that but I can’t

I’m very sorry for not able to come

Sorry, I’m very busy

PREPOSITION IN, ON, AND AT

The prepositions in, on, and at can be used to indicate time and place. Notice how they are used in the following situations: 

We use:

• at for a PRECISE TIME
• in for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS
• on for DAYS and DATES

at	in	on
PRECISE TIME	MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS	DAYS and DATES
at 3 o’clock	in May	on Sunday
at 10.30am	in summer	on Tuesdays
at noon	in the summer	on 6 March
at dinnertime	in 1990	on 25 Dec. 2010
at bedtime	in the 1990s	on Christmas Day
at sunrise	in the next century	on Independence Day
at sunset	in the Ice Age	on my birthday
at the moment	in the past/future	on New Year’s Eve

Look at these examples:

• I have a meeting at 9am.
• The shop closes at midnight.
• Jane went home at lunchtime.
• In England, it often snows in December.
• Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?
• There should be a lot of progress in the next century.
• Do you work on Mondays?
• Her birthday is on 20 November.
• Where will you be on New Year’s Day?

Notice the use of the preposition of time at in the following standard expressions:

Expression	Example
at night	The stars shine at night.
at the weekend	I don’t usually work at the weekend.
at Christmas/Easter	I stay with my family at Christmas.
at the same time	We finished the test at the same time.
at present	He’s not home at present. Try later.

Notice the use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions:

in	on
in the morning	on Tuesday morning
in the mornings	on Saturday mornings
in the afternoon(s)	on Sunday afternoons
in the evening(s)	on Monday evening

When we say last, next, every, this we do not also use at, in, on.

• I went to London last June. (not in last June)
• He’s coming back next Tuesday. (not on next Tuesday)
• I go home every Easter. (not at every Easter)
• We’ll call you this evening. (not in this evening)

Sample sentences:

I met my wife at the theater. (while watching a movie) I spilled my drink in the theater (on the floor of the building) She works at the library on Wednesdays. She found a rare coin in the library (building). Dr. Jones works at the hospital every day. John was in the hospital for a week with a broken leg.

 

For school, prison, and church, the is used to indicate the building. No article indicates
the general situation. Note the following:

"practice"/situation	building
in school (studying, listening to teacher, etc.)	in the school (building)
in jail/prison (staying there as a criminal)	in the jail/prison (temporary)
in church (praying, listening to a sermon, etc.)	in the church (building)

VOCABULARY AROUND THE HOUSE

As Noun

• a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
• the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments

• the members of a religious community living together
• the audience gathered together in a theatre or cinema
• an official assembly having legislative powers
• aristocratic family line

• play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults

          (astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

• the management of a gambling house or casino
• a social unit living together
• a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented
• a building in which something is sheltered or located

as Verbs

• contain or cover
• provide housing for

Other Rooms

Attic	People store things in the attic.
Ballroom	A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held.
Box Room	A small room used for storage.
Cellar	Underneath the house.
Cloakroom	A small room where people put their coats.
Conservatory	A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plants.
Dining Room	A room where people eat.
Drawing Room	A room in stately homes where rich people entertain.
Games Room	A room in large houses where games are played.
Hall	The entrance passage to a house.
Larder	A small room used for the storage of food.
Library	A room where books are kept.
Lounge	Another name for living room.
Music Room	A room where people play music.
Office	A room where people work.
Pantry	A small room used to store kitchen and dining items.
Parlour	Old fashioned word for living room.
Sitting Room	Another name for living room.
Spare Room/ Guest Room	A room where guests sleep.
Toilet	A room where people go to the toilet (often known as WC)
Utility Room	A room where appliances such as washing machines are used.